S. S. KHROMOV. Ideological and Educational Functions of Soviet Historical Science

The article substantiates the further extension of the ideological and educational functions of Soviet historical science in the conditions obtaining today. The author shows its role in imparting the Marxist-Leninist world outlook to the Soviet people, especially to the youth, in educating the working people in the spirit of proletarian internationalism and Soviet patriotism; brings out the significance of fundamental research in carrying out the educational functions of historical science and underscores the influence the latter exerts on the theoretico-methodological principles of other social sciences. Much importance is attached in the article to the question of improving the work of preparing and publishing popular scientific works on history, textbooks and study guides, to the broader use of museum expositions, motion pictures, television, historical and cultural monuments, etc., for disseminating historical knowledge, to the need of establishing closer contacts between historians and of strengthening their ties with creative associations and organizations.

T. V. KLIMANOVA. A. V. Lunacharsky's Views on the Problem of Training a New, Soviet Intelligentsia

The article analyzes A. V. Lunacharsky's views on the problem of training a new, Soviet intelligentsia, an intelligentsia recruited from the ranks of the working class and the peasantry. Much attention is devoted to his efforts to find an effective solution to the important task of drawing representatives of the old bourgeois intelligentsia into the work of socialist construction, first and foremost to the need of educating them politically and ideologically. The author examines Lunacharsky's views on ways and means of training a new, worker-and-peasant intelligentsia. The article shows that in his works Lunacharsky concretized V. I. Lenin's ideas on the principles, ways and methods of training a new, Soviet intelligentsia, Lenin's teaching on the cultural revolution as a component part of building socialism in the country.

I. I. MAIDANOV. The Rout of the Counter-Revolutionary Bands in Byelorussia in 1921

The article examines the question of liquidating the counter-revolutionary bands organized in Byelorussia by the Whiteguard emigres with the aim of overthrowing Soviet power. Accordingly, the Communist Party set up special bodies, mobilizing Red Army units, Cheka organs, the worker-and-peasant militia and special-purpose groups for combating the bands. Relying on the support of the broad mass of workers and peasants, they stamped out the armed political bands operating in the republic, thus thwarting the sinister designs of external and internal counter-revolution to re- establish the rule of the bourgeoisie and the landlords.

Z. V. UDALTSOVA, Corresponding Member of the U.S.S.R. Academy of Sciences, Y. N. SHCHAPOV, E. V. GUTNOVA, A. P. NOVOSELTSEV. Ancient Rus - A Meeting Place of Civilizations

Linked by multiform trade and political ties with Central and Western Europe, Byzantium and the Asiatic East, the ancient Russian state in the 10th-13th centuries was a zone of the interaction of a number of civilizations, while the culture of Ancient Rus was developing in permanent contacts with them. These contacts (primarily with Byzantium and to a lesser degree with Western Europe and the East) laid their imprint on the distinctive culture of the ancient Russian society. At the same time this culture served as an important component in promoting cultural unity of the medieval world. Outside influences were reappraised in Rus in the spirit of the local traditions and in this processed form organically included in its culture.

I. I. ZHIGALOV. Neo-Fascism in Great Britain: Sources, Aims, Peculiarities

The article traces the evolution of the neo-fascist movement in Britain after the second world war. The author draws the conclusion that the genesis of the British variety of neo-fascism was conditioned by the general crisis of capitalism and was called in'o being by the interests of the big monopoly bourgeoisie. But in the conditions of Britain,

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where bourgeois-democratic freedoms have taken deep root, where there exists a powerful working class and a subtle and shrewd bourgeoisie, neo-fascism could not find adequate class support and become widespread. At the same time the neo-fascist groups have become one of the permanent and negative phenomena of Britain's domestic political life, a political reserve of the reactionary wing of the ruling class, which facilitate the nation-wide swing to the Right.

A. I. ROMANOV. The Nigerian Crisis of the 1960's: Root Causes and Consequences

The Nigerian crisis of the 1960's is rooted in the country's colonial past and is closely intertwined with the neo-colonialist forms and methods of imperialism which is striving at any cost to retain its positions in the states that have cast off the chains of colonialism and won their independence. During the 1960's a process of political polarization took place in Nigeria. There emerged two camps, the first of which brought together the champions of unity, national development, democracy and socialism, while the second united the proponents and allies of neo-colonialism and reaction, who relied on the support of the forces of international imperialism. Nigeria was heading for a division and a protracted internecine war. But in spite of the numerous internal complications and outside imperialist interference, the Nigerian people stood their ground against the machinations of the enemies of unity and defeated the separatists. Their struggle ended in victory for the national patriotic forces.

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